This page was created in 2005 last modified on 16 April 2020. He presented himself as a magistrate.ĭuring the Flavian dynasty (Vespasian, Titus, Domitian r.69-96), the title was used for the intended successor, and this never changed again. The exception that proves the rule is Vitellius (r.69), who preferred to see himself as consul perpetuus,"'forever consul": the title of caesar was, in his view, too much associated with monarchy, and he wanted a title with republican connotations. into a patrician family that claimed to be descended from Julus, son of the Trojan prince Aeneas, who in turn was the supposed son of the goddess Venus. Gaius Julius Caesar was born in July 100 B.C. In the crisis of imperial succession that is known as the Year of the Four Emperors, Galba (r.68-69), Otho (r.69), and Vespasian (r.69-79) accepted the title. Caesar’s fate and that of the Roman Republic hung in the balance as the Battle of Pharsalus began in earnest. When Claudius remarried, his stepson Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus was renamed Nero Claudius Caesar Drusus Germanicus - he succeeded his stepfather in 54 and became notorious as Nero. Claudius also accepted the name when he succeeded Caligula in 41.īy now, caesar was no longer a name, but a title that could be used by the emperor himself - who could also call himself Augustus - and the intended successor, who was appointed by adoption. Other members of the royal family received the surname too: Tiberius' son Drusus, Germanicus (and all his sons), and the emperor Gaius ( Caligula). Although he later changed his name into Augustus (in 27 BCE), many people continued to call him Caesar.Ĭaesar Augustus had no son and adopted several men as his successor his grandsons Gaius and Lucius received the name Caesar, later Postumus Agrippa, and finally Tiberius, who eventually succeeded Rome's first emperor. The magic of this name was sufficient to make complete legions side with the young man during the civil wars. ![]() Julius Caesar in his work On the Gallic War describes the dramatic death of one of the centurions of the 8th Legion. The greatest loss for the legions was the death of 46 centurions, who remained in their positions to the end, shielding the panic retreat of the legionaries. ![]() After the dictator had been assassinated in 44 BCE, it turned out that he had posthumously adopted his relative Octavius, who was from now on called Gaius Julius Caesar too. The Gauls followed the Romans, killing nearly seven hundred of them. For the soldiers of the conqueror of Gaul, it became a matter of pride to be not just legionaries of Rome, but Caesar's men. One of the ancestors of Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator who destroyed the Roman republic, must have been blessed with a wealth of hair, because he received the surname caesar, which means "long hair". It is derived from the name of Gaius Julius Caesar. Caesar: title of the intended successor to the Roman throne.
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